By any measure, there is an enormous number of programming languages. Some lists contain hundreds, while the Historical Encyclopedia of Programming Languages lists just under 9,000. You’ve probably ...

Session types have emerged as a rigorous formalism for specifying and verifying communication protocols in concurrent systems. They provide a structured approach to ensuring that interactions among ...

Today, we will explain the definition of high and low-level programming and the different types. When you’ve completed reading this article, it is expected that you’ll have some idea of which language ...

Sixty years ago, on May 1, 1964, at 4 am in the morning, a quiet revolution in computing began at Dartmouth College. That’s when mathematicians John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz successfully ran the ...

Gradual typing has emerged as a compelling approach to reconcile the strengths of static and dynamic type systems. By permitting programmers to incrementally annotate code, it enables early detection ...

Academic researchers have published a study investigating the effect of programming languages on software quality, concluding the issue is hard to quantify but also identifying significant findings, ...

Fortran is the oldest commercial programming language, designed at IBM in the 1950s. And even though, for years, programmers have been predicting its demise, 64 years later it's still kicking, with ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. I write about tech companies, careers, and in-demand skills. This article is more than 7 years old. No matter how far along you ...