In this paper, we propose a new transformation of circular random variables based on circular distribution functions, which we shall call inverse distribution function (idf) transformation. We show ...

We compute the Fourier transform (or vacuum characteristic function) of quantum random variables (observables), defined as self-adjoint finite sums of Fock space operators, satisfying the ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...