This persnickety number determines the strength of magnetic fields. It figures in everything from motors and generators to audio speakers. Oh, and without it we’d live in eternal darkness.

Long before galaxies sparkled in the sky or stars took shape, invisible forces stirred in the early Universe. One of those ...

Magnetism is everywhere in the universe today—from the Earth’s protective magnetic shield to the powerful fields surrounding ...

The early Universe hosted ultra-weak magnetic fields that still shaped cosmic structures. New simulations establish stricter limits on their strength. Magnetic fields that originated during the earlie ...

The magnetic fields that formed in the very early stages of the universe, may have been billions of times weaker than a small fridge magnet, with strengths comparable to magnetism generated by neurons ...