Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Dr. Lance B. Eliot is a world-renowned AI scientist and consultant.

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract A propositional system of modal logic is second-order if it contains quantifiers ∀p and ∃p, which, in the standard interpretation, are ...

A (normal) system of propositional modal logic is said to be complete iff it is characterized by a class of (Kripke) frames. When we move to modal predicate logic the question of completeness can ...

Solutions are available by request for course instructors and the self-taught. These documents are intended for the spring 2024 version of PHI 201, Introductory Logic. However, they will be fine-tuned ...

Logic is among the oldest and most foundational of the university disciplines. The goal is to equip students with most general possible framework for sound and rigorous reasoning — one that works ...